You're about to unlock the API to a new economy. This book is your key. This book will help you learn everything you need to know about decentralized digital. /keybase/public/donovan/read/Antonopoulos, Andreas M. - Mastering Bitcoin; Unlocking Digital Cryptocurrencies.. Mastering Bitcoin_ Unlocking Di - Andreas. Andreas M. Antonopoulos. Mastering Bitcoin - Unlocking Digital Cryptocurrencies (2 ed.). O'Reilly Media, Inc., Sebastopol. DUTCHING PLACE BETS ON BELMONT

From the basic use of a bitcoin wallet to buy a cup of coffee, to running a bitcoin marketplace with hundreds of thousands of transactions, or collaboratively building new financial innovations that will transform our understanding of currency and credit, this book will help you engineer money. You're about to unlock the API to a new economy.

This book is your key. This book is intended to be used as a reference book for technical professionals, as a self-study guide for bitcoin entrepreneurs, and as a textbook for university courses on bitcoin and digital currencies. About the Authors Andreas M. Antonopoulos is a British-Greek Bitcoin advocate, tech entrepreneur, and author. Digital Currencies at the University of Nicosia. You're about to unlock the API to a new economy. This book is your key. This book will help you learn everything you need to know about decentralized digital money, which is one of the most exciting technical revolutions in decades.

Just as the Internet has transformed dozens of industries - from media and entertainment to retailing, travel and many more - decentralized digital money, in the form of crypto-currencies, has the ability to transform the foundations of money, credit and financial services. It also has the power to transform other social activities and institutions that we don't usually associate directly with money, such as corporations, governance, voting and the law.

As the first successful digital currency, bitcoin is the natural starting point for anyone interested in decentralized digital money, its implications and applications. Mastering Bitcoin describes the technical foundations of bitcoin and other cryptographic currencies, from cryptography basics, such as keys and addresses, to the data structures, network protocols and the consensus mechanism "mining" that underpin bitcoin.

Each technical topic is explained with user stories, elegant analogies and examples, and code snippets illustrating the key concepts.

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Make sure that you have good config before the disks on the you can revert back if needed, then brought up be much easier to manage the device if you could do bulk. As it supports you manage all duty workbenches our. Defenses against common.

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The financial situation that occurs based on very modern applications that are based mainly on the decentralization standard in all operations, including Mining, and the blockchain system, which is one of the most wonderful systems that has a very high level of security, international financial policies are trying to keep pace with this world and engage in it in a very cautious way because it will It is shifting from centralization to decentralization, which is the most dangerous idea that politicians can imagine as a real reality that includes the global financial system.

The book does an excellent job of dispelling the vast majority of FUD seen in the media. That being said, there is valid criticism against the underlying technology e. It gave a good introduction for any intelligent audience, but then dove into all of the technical details. I had to pause to look up some concepts at times, but adding more detail would have made the book too long.

This book did not fully cover the economic or business implications of Bitcoin, and was instead intended for developers. May 12, Sourav Karmakar rated it really liked it Great to understand the actual working procedure on Bitcoin. The book is between a technical manual on the Bitcoin code and a non-technical explanation of Bitcoin.

Still a great read to understand the fundamentals even if you aren't a coder. I read the edition, not sure if there have been revised editions since then because the edition is out-of-date in quite a few places, though the basics remain the same. Great to understand the actual working procedure on Bitcoin.

For this example, we will send 50 millibits 0. For this example, we will specify zero confirmations. A few seconds after sending the bitcoin from another wallet, we will see it reflected in the wallet. The minconf setting is specified in the bitcoind configuration file. Absence of a transaction hash in the blockchain does not mean the transaction was not processed. The transaction form shown with the command gettransaction is the simplified form.

To retrieve the full transaction code and decode it, we will use two commands: getraw transaction and decoderawtransaction. In this case we see that the transaction that credited our new address with 50 millibits used one input and generated two outputs. The input to this transaction was the output from a previously confirmed transaction shown as the vin txid starting with d3c7.

The two outputs correspond to the 50 millibit credit and an output with change back to the sender. If you want to be able to access any transaction with commands like gettransaction, you need to configure Bitcoin Core to build a complete transaction index, which can be achieved with the txindex option. Once you change this parameter, you need to restart bitcoind and wait for it to rebuild the index.

The height entry tells us this is the th block in the blockchain. Our wallet has now received a transaction that assigned one such output to our address. Once this is confirmed, we can spend that output. Transactions use previously created outputs as their inputs by referring to them by the previous txid and vout index.

We will now create a transaction that will spend the 0th vout of the txid 9ca8f9… as its input and assign it to a new output that sends value to a new address. We use gettxout to get the details of this unspent output. To spend this output we will create a new transaction.

In our new transaction, we will spend the 50 millibit output and send 25 millibits to this new address. Because we have to spend the whole output from the previous transaction, we must also generate some change. We will generate change back to the 1hvz… address, sending the change back to the address from which the value originated. Finally, we will also have to pay a fee for this transaction. To pay the fee, we will reduce the change output by 0.

We use createrawtransaction to create this transaction. The difference of 0. By signing, we remove the encumbrance on the output and prove that we own this output and can 52 Chapter 3: The Bitcoin Client spend it. We use the signrawtransaction command to sign the transaction. The signature makes this transaction verifiable by any node in the bitcoin network.

We do that with the command sendrawtransaction, which takes the raw hex string produced by sign rawtransaction. These commands will return the exact same hex string that we produced and decoded previously just before we sent it on the network. Alternative Clients, Libraries, and Toolkits Beyond the reference client bitcoind , other clients and libraries can be used to interact with the bitcoin network and data structures.

These are implemented in a variety of programming languages, offering programmers native interfaces in their own language. The sx tools also offer some key management and manipulation tools that are not offered by bitcoind, including type-2 deterministic keys and key mnemonics.

Type sx with no parameters to display the help text, which lists all the available commands see Appendix D. Use them to explore the various formats such as Base58, Base58Check, hex, etc. The pycoin library supports both Python 2 2. To install pycoin 0. It also properly relays newly mined blocks, maintains a transaction pool, and relays individual transactions that have not yet made it into a block. That functionality is provided by the btcwallet and btcgui projects, which are both under active development.

The digital keys are not actually stored in the network, but are instead created and stored by users in a file, or simple database, called a wallet. Every bitcoin transaction requires a valid signature to be included in the blockchain, which can only be generated with valid digital keys; therefore, anyone with a copy of those keys has control of the bitcoin in that account.

Keys come in pairs consisting of a private secret key and a public key. Think of the public key as similar to a bank account number and the private key as similar to the secret PIN, or signature on a check that provides control over the account. These digital keys are very rarely seen by the users of bitcoin. For the most part, they are stored inside the wallet file and managed by the bitcoin wallet software.

In most cases, a bitcoin address is generated from and corresponds to a public key. However, not all bitcoin addresses represent public keys; they can also represent other beneficiaries such as scripts, as we will see later in this chapter. The bitcoin address is the only representation of the keys that users will routinely see, because this is the part they need to share with the world.

In this chapter we will introduce wallets, which contain cryptographic keys. We will look at how keys are generated, stored, and managed. Finally, we will look at special uses of keys: to sign messages, to prove ownership, and to create vanity addresses and paper wallets. Public Key Cryptography and Cryptocurrency Public key cryptography was invented in the s and is a mathematical foundation for computer and information security.

These mathematical functions are practically irreversible, meaning that they are easy to calculate in one direction and infeasible to calculate in the opposite direction. Based on these mathematical functions, cryptography enables the creation of digital secrets and unforgeable digital signatures. Bitcoin uses elliptic curve multiplication as the basis for its public key cryptography.

In bitcoin, we use public key cryptography to create a key pair that controls access to bitcoins. The key pair consists of a private key and—derived from it—a unique public key. There is a mathematical relationship between the public and the private key that allows the private key to be used to generate signatures on messages.

This signature can be validated against the public key without revealing the private key. However, the public key can be calculated from the private key, so storing only the private key is also possible. The private key k is a number, usually picked at random.

From the private key, we use elliptic curve multiplication, a one-way cryptographic function, to generate a public key K. From the public key K , we use a one-way cryptographic hash function to generate a bitcoin address A. In this section, we will start with generating the private key, look at the elliptic curve math that is used to turn that into a public key, and finally, generate a bitcoin address from the public key. The relationship between private key, public key, and bitcoin address is shown in Figure Figure Private key, public key, and bitcoin address Private Keys A private key is simply a number, picked at random.

Ownership and control over the private key is the root of user control over all funds associated with the corresponding bitcoin address. The private key is used to create signatures that are required to spend bitcoins by proving ownership of funds used in a transaction. The private key must remain secret at all times, because revealing it to third parties is equivalent to giving them control over the bitcoins secured by that key. The bitcoin private key is just a number.

You can pick your private keys randomly using just a coin, pencil, and paper: toss a coin times and you have the binary digits of a random private key you can use in a bitcoin wallet. The public key can then be generated from the private key. Generating a private key from a random number The first and most important step in generating keys is to find a secure source of entropy, or randomness.

Usually, the OS random number generator is initialized by a human source of randomness, which is why you may be asked to wiggle your mouse around for a few seconds. For the truly paranoid, nothing beats dice, pencil, and paper. To create such a key, we randomly pick a bit number and check that it is less than n - 1. In programming terms, this is usually achieved by feeding a larger string of random bits, collected from a cryptographically secure source of randomness, into the SHA hash algorithm that will conveniently produce a bit number.

If the result is less than n 1, we have a suitable private key. Otherwise, we simply try again with another random number. It is approximately in decimal.

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